National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015-16: Manipur

Around 18 per cent households were headed by women and 16 per cent of the surveyed population lived in women-led families. 

Among children under 5 years of age, 65 per cent had their births registered with the civil authorities and 31 per cent had a birth certificate.

49.9 per cent of the surveyed households had ‘improved sanitation facilities’ (toilets with a flush or a pit latrine, among others) and 42 per cent of households used an ‘improved source of drinking water’. But only 17 per cent had piped water in their houses, yards or plots.

92 per cent of children (6-17 years) attended school – 94 per cent in urban areas and 92 per cent in rural areas. There was no gender disparity in school attendance. In the 6-14 age group, 97 per cent of girls and boys went to school, while in the 15-17 age group, it was 83 per cent.

28 per cent of women (aged 15-49) had completed 12 or more years of schooling compared to 35 per cent of men (aged 15-54).

The median age of the first marriage was 23.6 years among women between 25 and 49 years. In this age group, 27 per cent of women and 43 per cent of men were not married.

The total fertility rate was 2.6 children per woman, above the replacement-level fertility (a steady population replacement rate over time). 25 per cent of women and 37 per cent of men wanted more sons than daughters; however, 89 per cent of women and 94 per cent of men wanted at least one daughter.

Knowledge of contraception was almost universal in Manipur. But 15 per cent of men thought that contraception was ‘women’s business’.

The infant mortality rate was 22 deaths before the age of 1 per 1,000 live births. For boys, it was 24 per 1,000 live births compared to 19 per 1,000 for girls.

In the five years preceding the survey, 70 per cent of mothers received at least four antenatal care visits for their last birth. In the same period, 69 per cent of births took place in a public sector health facility.

66 per cent of children between 12 and 23 months had received all the basic vaccinations against six major childhood illnesses (tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio and measles) before the survey. Only 5 per cent of children had not received any vaccinations at all. Among children between 6 and 59 months, 23 per cent were anaemic.

715 adults per 100,000 had medically treated tuberculosis. According to self-reports, 942 women and 1,311 men per 100,000 (both in the 15-49 age group) had diabetes. 13 per cent of women aged 15-49 had hypertension, as did 21 per cent men in the same age bracket. 

Almost all the surveyed women and men had heard of HIV/ AIDS. 51 per cent of women, who had a live birth in the five years before the survey, were tested for HIV during their antenatal care visits.

51 per cent of women were employed in the 12 months before the survey. 35 per cent had a bank or savings account that they themselves used. 67 per cent of women owned a house, either by themselves or with someone else, and 37 per cent owned land, either individually or jointly.

44 per cent of women (15-49 years) had experienced physical violence since the age of 15, and 10 per cent had experienced sexual violence.  

Focus and Factoids by Sara Sohail.

PARI Library's health archive project is part of an initiative supported by the Azim Premji University to develop a free-access repository of health-related reports relevant to rural India.